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Erich von Ludendorff was born near Posen,
Prussia. With the age of 18 he joined the Prussian Army and was assigned
in 1894 to the general staff. At the beginning of the First World War he
commanded of an infantry brigade and captured the fortified
city of Liège in Belgium.
After this victory he was appointed chief of staff to
Paul von Hindenburg. In the Battle of Tannenberg
in East Prussia (1914) he proved the value of his idea that it was more
important to destroy the enemy than to capture and hold terrain. The overwhelming
victory of this Battle changed the whole military situation at the eastern
front and was the foundation of the later ceasefire between Germany and
Russia.
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When Hindenburg was appointed as the chief of the general
staff of the German field army in 1916, Ludendorff became his first quartermaster
general. Although Ludendorff was was only responsible for organizational
and supply problems, he always tried to influence the the planning and
direction of combat operations. In his opinion Germany needed to concentrate
equally on sea and land warfare in order to defeat Great Britain. He therefor
was a strong supporter of the unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917. This
policy was mainly responsible for the entrance of the United States into
the war. Outnumbered in men and supplies United States President Woodrow
Wilson demanded an unconditional surrender from Germany. Ludendorff opposed
this demand and as a result of it was removed from the German Army. After
the ceasefire came into effect in November 1918 he left Germany and moved
to Sweden.
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